Cynthia's Blogs
How to Design an ELISA Experiment: Step-by-Step Guide
Key Takeaways
ELISA experiment design demands precision throughout, from antibody pair
selection to sample prep and signal detection.
Sandwich ELISA offers the highest...
Sandwich ELISA Explained: Principle, Protocols, and Best Practices
Key TakeawaysSandwich ELISA is a highly specific and sensitive protein quantification method utilizing two antibodies that bind to different epitopes...
All Types of Antibody Isotypes Explained: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD
Key Takeaways
IgG is the most abundant, long-lasting antibody isotype. Also, it is able
to cross the placenta for facilitating fetal...
Direct ELISA Vs Indirect ELISA: When to Use Each Method
Key Takeaways
Direct ELISA uses one labeled primary antibody; Indirect ELISA uses a
primary + reporter-labeled secondary antibody.
Direct ELISA: faster, simpler, lower...
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA): Meaning, Test, and What Results Show
Summary Box
ANA (Antinuclear Antibodies) are autoantibodies targeting cell nuclei,
central to autoimmune disease diagnostics.
Multiple subtypes (e.g., anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro, anti-Scl-70) correlate with
different...
What Are Antigens? What are Its Types, Functions and Importance
Understanding Antigens: Types, Functions, & Importance
Key TakeawaysAntigens are substances that trigger your immune system to respond and defend your body. They...
ELISA vs. Western Blot: Which Is Superior In The “Protein Science” Battle?
When you need to detect or quantify a specific protein—such as LC3, troponin, or alkaline phosphatase as some examples—two powerhouse...
Differences Between “Monoclonal” Antibodies And “Recombinant” Antibodies?
Today, antibodies are the unsung heroes that are ubiquitous in modern research. These are used in everything - from cancer...
Role of Activated Protein Kinases in Biomedical Research
Protein kinases play a critical role in cell communication. They serve as
molecular “switches”, primarily by donating phosphate groups to...
How do “Active” Proteins Work in Biological Systems?
It was Gerardus Johannes Mulder, a Dutch chemist and great protein scholar, who
first elucidated these phenomena. The actual name "protein"...
Recombinant Proteins Applications: Cytokines, Growth Factors & More
Recombinant proteins are a classification of proteins made inside lab-controlled
living cells, but using DNA that comes from outside the cell...
Secondary Antibodies Roles in Immunoassays: Structure, Selection, & Applications
Key Takeaways
Core role & benefit of secondary antibodies
Key structural elements
Crucial selection rules
Types and labels
Applications
Future enhancementsPrimary antibodies – first line...
What Are Phospho Antibodies?
Phosphorylation is when a phosphate group is added to a protein. It usually
happens on specific amino acids comprising the protein...
Recombinant Antibody Overview: Production & Applications
An Overview
Recombinant antibodies are lab-made alternatives to traditional monoclonal
antibodies. No animals are used in their production.
Allow for high batch-to-batch consistency,...